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Battle of Sailor's Creek
The Battle of Sailor's Creek (also known in whole or in part as Sayler's Creek, Little Sailor's Creek, Harper's Farm, Marshall's Cross Roads, Hillsman Farm, Double Bridges, or Lockett's Farm) was fought on April 6, 1865, near Farmville, Virginia, as part of the Appomattox Campaign, near the end of the American Civil War. It was the last major engagement between the armies of Confederate General Robert E. Lee and Union Army General-in-chief Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant before the capitulation of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court House three days later.
==Background==
Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant's Union Army (Army of the Potomac, Army of the James, Army of the Shenandoah) broke the Confederate States Army defenses of Petersburg, Virginia at the Battle of Five Forks on April 1 and the Third Battle of Petersburg on April 2. A Union division under the command of Brigadier General Nelson A. Miles also broke up the last defense of the South Side Railroad on the afternoon of April 2, cutting off that railroad as a supply line or route of retreat for the Confederates. General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia evacuated Petersburg, Virginia and the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia on the night of April 2–3 and began a retreat in hopes of linking up with General Joseph E. Johnston's army confronting the Union army group commanded by Major General William T. Sherman in North Carolina.〔Bearss, Edwin C., with Bryce A. Suderow. ''The Petersburg Campaign''. Vol. 2, ''The Western Front Battles, September 1864 – April 1865''. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2014. ISBN 978-1-61121-104-7.〕〔Greene, A. Wilson. ''The Final Battles of the Petersburg Campaign: Breaking the Backbone of the Rebellion''. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-57233-610-0.〕〔Hess, Earl J. ''In the Trenches at Petersburg: Field Fortifications & Confederate Defeat''. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3282-0.〕〔Horn, John. ''The Petersburg Campaign: June 1864-April 1865''. Conshohocken, PA: Combined Publishing, 1999. ISBN 978-0-938289-28-9. p. 220. Retrieved February 11, 2015. 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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